Physical Chemistry 1   (021H2)

Academic year:

2024/2025.

Attendance requirements:

001A2 / 011A2

ECTS:

7

Study level:

Study program:

Teacher:

Biljana R. Šljukić Paunković, Ph.D.
full professor, Faculty for Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Beograd

Assistant:

David M. Tomić
junior teaching assistant, Faculty for Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Beograd

Hours of instruction:

Weekly: four hours of lectures + three hours of labwork (4+0+3)

Goals:

The goal of this course is to help students achieve basic knowledge of equilibrium thermodynamics and thermochemistry, equilibrium systems and processes (chemical equilibrium, phase equilibrium, solutions), chemical kinetics, electrochemistry.

Outcome:

Acquired basic knowledge of equilibrium thermodynamics and thermochemistry, equilibrium systems and processes (chemical equilibrium, phase equilibrium, solutions), chemical kinetics, electrochemistry.

Teaching methods:

Lectures, experimental exercises, progress tests.

Extracurricular activities:

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Coursebooks:

Main coursebooks:

1. Ivanka Holclajtner-Antunović: Opšti kurs fizičke hemije, Zavod za nastavna sredstva, Beograd 2000.
2. Slobodan Anić, Dragomir Stanisavljev, Nikola Vukelić: Izabrana poglavlja fizičke hemije, Fakultet za fizičku hemiju, Beograd 2007.
3. Dragica Minić, Ankica Antić-Jovanović: Fizička hemija, Fakultet za fizičku hemiju, Biološki fakultet, Beograd, 2005.
4. Ivanka D. Holclajtner-Antunović, Dragica M. Minić, Slobodan R. Anić, Ljubiša Ignjatović, Radmila O. Hercigonja, Dragomir R. Stanisavljev, Gordana N. Ćirić-Marjanović, Miroslav Ristić, Isidora Cekić, Marko Daković: Radna sveska iz fizičke hemije sa uputstvima za rad, Fakultet za fizičku hemiju, Beograd 2006.
5. Miroslav Ristić, Igor Pašti, Isidora Cekić-Lasković: Praktikum iz opšteg kursa fizičke hemije, Fakultet za fizičku hemiju Univerziteta u Beogradu 2010.
6. Ružica Konjević, Ivanka Holclajtner-Antunović, Nada Kovačić: Praktikum iz fizičke hemije za studente hemije, Prirodno matematički fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu i Jugoslovenski zavod za produktivnost rada i informacione sisteme, Beograd 1985.
7. Ubavka Mioč, Radmila Hercigonja: Zbirka zadataka iz opšteg kursa fizičke hemije, Beograd 1994.

Supplementary coursebooks:

1. P. W. Atkins: Physical Chemistry (Third Edition), Oxford University Press, Oxford 2001.

Additional material:

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Lectures:

5 points (4 hours a week)

Syllabus:

• Properties of gases: the ideal gas, the real gas.
• The kinetic theory of gases: basic equations of the kinetic theory of gases, Graham’s law, the Maxwell-Boltzmann law of speed distribution.
• Equilibrium thermodynamics: basic concepts and the zeroth law of thermodynamics, the first law of thermodynamics, thermochemistry, the second and third law of thermodynamics, Gibbs and Helmholtz energy functions, chemical potential.
• Chemical equilibrium: thermodynamics of reversible reactions of gases, the equilibrium constant, the effect of pressure and temperature on the equilibrium constant, thermodynamic condition of chemical reaction and the equilibrium constant, chemical equilibrium in heterogeneous systems.
• Phase equilibrium: the condition of phase equilibrium, the Gibbs phase rule, the Ehrenfest phase transitions, phase equilibrium of one-component systems.
• Solutions: Gibbs energy of mixing of ideal gases, ideal and ideal dilute liquid solutions, deviations from ideal behavior, temperature phase diagrams, partially miscible liquids, immiscible solutions with the same solute.
• Chemical kinetics: rate, order and molecularity of chemical reaction, reaction mechanism, complex reactions, kinetics of reactions in solutions.
• Electrochemistry: electrolytic cell and galvanic element, electromotive force, electrode potential, the Nernst equation, the theory of electrolytic dissociation, conductivity of electrolytes, Faraday’s laws of electrolysis.

Labwork:

25 points (3 hours a week)

Syllabus:

• Thermochemistry - The first law of thermodynamics. Thermal changes which accompany chemical reactions. Enthalpy. Laws of thermochemistry. The influence of temperature on the heat of a reaction. Thermodynamic temperature scale. Calorimetry.
• Chemical equilibrium - The law of chemical equilibrium. Reaction isotherm, reaction isochore. Thermodynamic conditions and equilibrium position. Equilibrium constant: thermodynamic, formal and concentration equilibrium constant. The dependence of the equilibrium constant on the pressure and temperature.
• Phase equilibrium - The Gibbs phase rule. The definition of the component, the phase and the degree of freedom. The phase diagram. The Gibbs-Duhem equation. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation.
• Binary liquid systems - Completely miscible liquids. The ideal liquid systems. Raoult’s law. Positive and negative deviations from Raoult’s law. Henry’s law. Distillation of homogeneous binary mixtures – the phase diagram (the dependence of the boiling point on the mole fraction in a mixture). Azeotropic mixtures. Refractometry.
• Dilute solutions - Colligative properties of a solution. The dependence of the vapor pressure of the solvent and solution on the temperature. Increasing boiling points. Lowering freezing point. Osmosis. Determining the molecular mass using the ebullioscopic and cryoscopic methods.
• Chemical kinetics - The rate and order of chemical reactions. First-order reactions, second-order reactions and pseudo order reactions. Activation energy. Methods for determining kinetic parameters.
• Electrochemistry - Conductivity of electrolytes.

Written exam:

10 points

Oral exam:

60 points